Types Of Succulents and Cactus Plants

Aloe Vera “Medicinal Aloe”

• Order: Asparagles Family: Asphodelaceae Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Aloe
• Native: Mediterranean, North Africa, South America and the Caribbean

Aloe Vera is a short-stemmed aloe shrub. It has erect, greyish-green leaves with white specks that have little spikes on them. They can grow little tubular yellow flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9a-11
• Light: Aloe vera wants bright, indirect light, whether it is sunlight or artificial. You can place it in either a western or southern window.
• Temperature: Aloe vera also likes temperatures between 55° and 80°F.
• Water: Aloe vera will die if it is watered too much. You only want to water your plant roughly every three weeks and even less in the winter.
• Problems/Issues: Diseases that occur with aloe vera are root rot, soft rot, fungal stem rot, and leaf rot. 

General Care For Aloe Vera

Container: You want to use a terra-cotta or other porous pot as wide as deep and has at least one hole in the bottom.

Soil: You can plant the aloe vera in either cactus potting soil or regular potting soil with extra perlite added. Cactus soil is made up of sand, grit, soil, and sometimes peat moss. 

You can either buy commercially made cactus soil or create your own. If you purchase cactus soil, you need to be careful because they usually add peat moss to it. 

The peat moss helps to keep moisture.

However, when the peat moss dries out, it is tough for it to ingest water again.  Instead of buying, you can make your own.

Another thing to note is that you don’t want to overwater your Aloe Vera plant.

Overwatering will lead to your Aloe Vera plant turning brown.

To make your own, you can either use washed sand mixed with soil and a gritty substance (such as pebbles or shards of a pot) or potting soil mixed with pumice and coir.

If you live in a barren area, you may want to add peat moss.

You just want to be careful that it doesn’t completely dry out. You can fertilize, but you only want to do it during the spring and summer and no more than once a month. 

If you do fertilize, you only want to use half strength of a well-balanced houseplant formula.

Related post: How Fast Does Aloe Vera Grow Tricks To Make Your Plants Grow Faster

Aloe Aristata “Lace Aloe”

• Other names: Bearded Aloe, Hardy Aloe
• Family: Xanthorrhoeacea Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Aloe
• Native: South Africa

Lace aloe is a stemless, dark-gray to green dwarf shrub. It has a tight rosette, with each leaf getting up to 6 inches long.

The leaves look like they have little teeth on them and the edges of the leaves are white. During early summer, lace aloe produces orange flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9a-11
• Light: Lace aloe likes bright light.
• Temperature: They grow fine in normal room temperatures.
• Water: Lace aloe likes a good soaking and then having its soil dry between waterings. You also shouldn’t water lace aloe in the winter.
• Problems/Issues: Lace aloe can suffer from wilting, yellowing leaves, rotting at the base, and root rot. They can also attract mealybugs and scale.

General Care For Aloe Aristata “Lace Aloe”

Container – Lace aloe should be planted in shallow clay pots.

Soil – You should use cacti or succulent potting soil.

Aloe Brevifolia Short-Leaved Aloe

• Other names:
• Family: Xanthorrhoeceae Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Aloe
• Native: South Africa

The Short-leaved Aloe is greenish-gray in color with spiky edges. It forms as a rosette and can grow up to one foot tall. When exposed to the sun, its leaves may look a bit yellow. Its orange flowers blossom every spring.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A
• Light: The Short-leaved Aloe enjoys the strong and bright light of the sun. Make sure it gets light for at least six hours daily.
• Temperature: If the temperature drops to 20° F, it’s best to take this plant indoors.
• Water: Do not let the leaves sit on the water. During summer, you can water this as soon as you see its top soil dry, but every winter, make sure to water this less.
• Problems/Issues: In some cases, this plant can be toxic to humans and animals. This plant is also prone to overwatering.

General Care For Aloe Brevifolia “Short-Leaved Aloe”

Container – You can plant this on a medium to a large-sized container that has depth. Choose a container that you can easily move when needed.

Soil – You should plant this on a potting mix with one-third sand or pebbles. Only fertilize this plant every summer.

Aloe Christmas Carol

• Other names: Aloe Cultivar Christmas Carol
• Family: Asphodelaceae Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Aloe
• Native: A hybrid by Kelly Griffin

The Christmas Carol is a star-shaped slow-growing succulent species known for its shape and colors.

It could grow up to 1 foot tall and six inches wide. Its leaves are pointed and colored dark green. The leaves also have red edges and yellow bumps. Its flower is pinkish.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9B to 11
• Temperature: Keep this in an area with a temperature of 70 to 80 °F.
• Water: Do not let it sit on stagnant water. Occasional watering is required.
• Problems/Issues: It is prone to root rot if overwatered.

General Care For Aloe ‘Christmas Carol’

Container – You can have this planted in medium-sized containers that allow good drainage.

Soil – You’ll need a well-draining and rich, gritty cactus mix.

Aloe Doran Black

• Other names: Aloe ‘Dorian Black’
• Family: Asphodelaceae Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Aloe
• Native: Africa

Contrary to its name, the Black Doran has whitish-green and pointy leaves that could grow up to six inches tall. It forms in clumps, which is typical in aloe plants. It has red and orange flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10a to 11
• Light: It does well under partial to the full shade of the sun. Give it at least 6 hours of light exposure daily
• Temperature: If the temperature drops to 30 °F, it’s best to place this plant indoors.
• Water: It has the typical watering need of an aloe. Do not let it sit in stagnant water for a long time. Avoid letting water stay on its leaves as well.
• Problems/Issues: Aloes are mainly prone to root rot when overwatered.

General Care For Aloe ‘Doran Black’

Container – The Black Doran is a good container plant. You can have this placed on a medium-sized container that allows smooth drainage.

Soil – Use a well-draining gritty mix with peats or pebbles.

Aloe Haworthioides “Haworthia-Leaved Aloe”

• Family: Xanthorrhoeaceae Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Aloe
• Native: Madagascar

Haworthia-leaved aloe is fast-growing, stemless, and tiny succulent. They have a tight rosette that is lance-shaped. They have comfy, plumed, shiny white shaggy spines. They have orange cylinder flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9b-13b
• Light: Once haworthia-leaved aloe becomes accustomed to the light, it likes strong, bright light.
• Temperature: It prefers temperatures around 75°F.
• Water: Haworthia-leaved aloe should be soaked, then allowed to dry out between waterings.  You should stop watering them in winter.
• Problems/Issues: Haworthia-leaved aloe can suffer from rot root and attract mealybugs and scale.

General Care For Aloe Haworthioides

Container– Haworthia-leaved aloe should be planted in excellent draining clay pots.

Soil – They need to be grown in cacti or succulent potting soil. You can also use potting soil mixed with coarse sand or pebbles. If you want to fertilize it, only use cactus fertilizer during the summer months.

Aloe Juvenna “Tiger Tooth Aloe”

• Other names: Aloe Juvenna Brandham & S.Carter
• Family: Xanthorrhoeaceae Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Aloe
• Native: Kenya

This clump-forming succulent grows as rosettes with spiky leaves.

Each stem could grow up to 12 inches upright. The leaves are naturally green, but when it is happily stressed, the leaves turn reddish-brown.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A
• Light: You can have it exposed to light fully or partially.
• Temperature: This plant enjoys the warmth and it should be brought indoors if the temperature drops to 20° F.
• Water: Don’t overwater. You need to wait for the soil to dry up before watering this plant again. This is drought-tolerant, so it won’t really mind being underwater for some time.
• Problems/Issues: Has the tendency to sit low and is also susceptible to having pests.

General Care For Tiger Tooth Aloe

Container – You can have this planted in medium-sized containers that can be brought indoors when needed.

Soil – This needs a potting soil or mix that drains well. Preferably, the mixture should have perlites. You can add a small amount of fertilizer to its soil during its growth.

Adromischus Cristatus “Crinkle-Leaf Plant”

• Other name: Key Lime Pie
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Adromischus
• Native: South Africa (Eastern Cape)

A small succulent type with leaves that form as crinkles. Its leaves are covered with tiny hairs, and this plant grows slowly. This can grow up to two inches long and up to one inch wide for each leaf. Its flowers can grow up to eight inches.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9B to 10B
• Light: Sun, Shade, or Perhaps Something in Between
• Temperature: The Crinkle-Lead plant isn’t really a fan of the cold. The temperature should only be up to 20 °F. It’s why it is advisable to have it planted in a container that can be brought indoors so that when the temperature has dropped, you can just bring it indoors to avoid frosting.
• Water: Thrives on dry soil. You should only water this plant when its soil is completely dry.
• Problems/Issues: As this plant ages, some of its leaves tend to elongate.

General Care For Adromischus Cristatus “Crinkle-Leaf Plant”

Container – Should be planted on indoor containers with excellent drainage.

Soil – You should use well-draining soil that is premixed. The mix should have perlite, sand, or peat moss.

Adromischus Maculatus “Calico Hearts”

• Other name: Chocolate Drops
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Sedoideae Tribe: Kalanchoeae
• Native: South Africa

Calico hearts are short succulents that are gray-green to green-brown.

They may or may not have purple spots.  

The leaves are tiny clusters that can get up to 3 inches long and 1.5 inches wide.

The leaves are curved, wedge-shaped, and almost glisten. The flowers that calico hearts produce are cylinder shape and are a pale, yellowish-green color.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9b-11
• Light: Calico Heart plant enjoys being in the light.
• Temperature: Calico hearts is a frost hardy succulent and can handle temperatures as low as 25°F, but it prefers above 50°F.   
• Water: During spring, summer, and autumn you should give your calico hearts a good soaking then allow them to dry between watering. They need less water in the winter, than they do during other seasons. Also during the winter, you need to keep water off of the leaves.
• Problems/Issues: Calico hearts can be subject to root rot and can attract mealybugs and vine weevils. Calico hearts are also fragile, so once you find a spot you want it to be, you should leave it there.  

General Care For Adromischus Maculatus “Calico Hearts”

Container – Calico hearts should be grown in containers that have excellent drainage.

Soil – You should use succulent potting soil.

Aeonium Arboreum “Tree House Leek”

• Other names: Irish Rose, Pinwheel Desert Rose
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedinae Tribe: Sedeae Subtribe: Sedinae Genus: Aeonium
• Native: North Africa, Carney Island

Tree houseleek has a tree-like appearance, with forked stems. It can reach 3 feet in height. The leaves are green, oval-shaped, and can get 3 inches long. Tree houseleek produced tiny, yellow, star-shaped flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10a-13a
• Light: It prefers full light during the colder months and shade during the summer months.
• Temperature: It prefers temperatures around 50°F, it can go as high as 100°F, but higher than that can kill it.
• Water: Only water tree house leeks once a month during winter. The rest of the time, give them a good soaking then allow them to dry between waterings.
• Problems/Issues: Tree house leek can suffer from root rot and attract mealybugs, scale and aphids.

General Care For Aeonium Arboreum “Tree House Leek”

Container – Tree House leeks should be planted in terra cotta pots.

Soil – They should be planted in succulent potting soil.

Aeonium “Sunburst” Or “Copper Pinwheel”

• Other names: Sunburst, Aeonium Decorum
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Aeonium
• Native: Canary Islands

The Copper Pinwheel is a variegated and branching succulent type that forms as rosettes. It has leaves that are colored green and a bit of white.

The leaf’s edges are pinkish but turn red when directly exposed to sunlight. This succulent can grow up to 18 inches tall. Its flowers are white.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10A
• Light: It’s best to just place it indoors
• Temperature: This plant isn’t a fan of the hot weather. Keep it placed in a place where it is 65–75˚F in temperature. If it gets colder than 30˚F outside
• Water: While it is dormant, watering is not really necessary for this plant. You can only water this when it is extremely dry. When it’s not dormant, only water if the topsoil is already dry.
• Problems/Issues: This plant is prone to having pests. Bugs, birds, and slugs tend to also eat the leaves of this plant.

General Care For Aeonium ‘Sunburst’

Container – The Copper Pinwheel can be grown outdoors and indoors, so it’s best to choose a container that is easy to move. Just make sure that the container will allow smooth drainage.

Soil – This Aeonium succulent needs some moisture, so it’s best to use a sandy potting mix. Do not fertilize this plant when it is dormant, which is during the summer.

Kiwi Aeonium “Aeonium Haworthii”

• Other names: Aeonium Haworthii ‘Kiwi’, Aeonium Decrum ‘Kiwi’, Aeonium percarneum ‘Kiwi’, Aeonium haworthii ‘Variegata’, Aeonium Haworthii ‘Dream Color’, Aeonium haworthii ‘Tricolor’, Aeonium ‘Verde’, Aeonium ‘Keweonium
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Aeonium
• Native: California, United States

This type of succulent grows as fleshy green rosettes with red color on the edges. The inner part of the rosettes is a bit yellow. It could grow up to 24 inches tall.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A to 11B
• Light: It will be better to keep this indoors. Expose it to sunlight for at least six hours.
• Temperature: This plant doesn’t enjoy too much warmth, but it also won’t thrive when the weather is too cold.
• Water: Infrequent watering is how this succulent will thrive. Do not water again if the soil is still wet.
• Problems/Issues: The Aeonium Kiwi is prone to root rot and is monocarpic, which means it dies after it blooms.

General Care For Aeonium ‘Kiwi’

Container – You may grow this plant in a medium to a large container with drainage.

Soil – You will need well-draining soil for this plant. You may use a cactus mix with peat and perlites.

Adenium Obesum “Desert Rose”

• Other known names: Mock Azalea, Impala Lily, Sabi Star
• Order: Gentianales Family: Apocynaceae Subfamily: Apocynoideae Tribe: Wrightieae Genus: Adenium
• Native: Eastern Africa, the Middle East, and Madagascar

Desert rose is a condensed stemmed shrub with barely any leaves that produce red flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 11-12
• Light: They prefer full light, so a sunny window is a good place to put them. Desert roses want up to six hours a day in direct light.
• Temperature: Desert roses prefer temperatures between 75-95°F, but can survive temperatures as low as 55°F. Desert roses are frost-sensitive.
• Water: Give desert roses a good soaking and allow the soil to dry each time you water them. During the months of October through February, only water once a month.
• Problems/Issues: Desert roses have toxic sap, so don’t allow them where small children and animals can get them. They can suffer from root rot and can attract spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids.

General Care For Adenium Obesum “Desert Rose”

Container – Desert roses grow best in unglazed terra cotta pots.

Soil – You should use succulent/cacti potting mix. You can fertilize weekly, but only during the growing season.

Beaucarnea Recurvata “Ponytail Palm”

• Other known names: Bottle Palm Tree, Elephant’s Foot Palm
• Order: Asparagales Family: Asparagaceae Subfamily: Nolinoideae Genus: Beaucarnea
• Native: Eastern Mexico

A ponytail palm is not a palm tree; it just happens to look like one. It has a large, onion-shaped trunk that stores water and tapers off into a narrow stem.

It has long green, leathery, hair-like leaves. When grown indoors, it can reach up to three feet in width and four feet in height. Older plants can develop white flowers on them.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9a-10b
• Light: They like to have bright light during half of the year and prefer to be in indirect light during the other half of the year.
• Temperature: The ponytail palm plant likes warmer temperatures during the summer, (think in the 70s°F), and colder temperatures in the winter (50-55°F). During the winter, you should not keep your ponytail plant close to windows or they could freeze.
• Water: To keep a ponytail palm happy, soak the soil and allow the excess water to drain out, let your plant sit in the extra water for a minute or two, then dump it back into the plant. Afterward, allow the plant’s soil to dry out before re-watering. Water the ponytail plant less often in the winter.
• Problems/Issues: Ponytail palm, if overwatered can develop stem rot. They can also attract spider mites. It is also important to note, that ragged edges that could cut you, so you may want to keep it out of reach of small children and handle it with care.

General Care For Beaucarnea Recurvata “Ponytail Palm”

Container – Ponytail palm should be grown in a clay pot, where the trunk should have roughly an inch between it and the rim of the pot. If you repot a ponytail palm, the pot should have at least one hole in the bottom for drainage.

Soil –  You should grow your ponytail palm in either cacti or succulent potting soil. You can also make your soil a mixture of potting soil, perlite, and sand. Ponytail palm only needs to fertilize twice during the spring and summer, with a cactus or succulent fertilizer.

Related post: How to Propagate Ponytail Palm From Cuttings and Seeds

Ceropegia Woodii Variegata “String Of Hearts”

• Other names: Sweetheart Vine, Rosary Vine, Heart Entangled, Chain of Hearts, Rosary Plant
• Family: Apocynaceae Subfamily: Asclepiadoideae Genus: Ceropegia
• Native: Africa and Southern Asia

The variegated string of hearts is hanging or trailing succulents with heart-shaped leaves. Its leaves are colored green, white, and pink, while its stems are purplish. It can grow up to 4 inches tall, but it could also trail up to 13 feet.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 11A
• Light: It can thrive on full and partial lighting for at least six hours daily.
• Temperature: If it gets colder than 40° F, place this plant indoors.
• Water: You should allow the soil to completely dry out before watering. Water this plant less during the winter.
• Problems/Issues: It has the tendency to grow thinly. You can remedy this by tucking a few of its cuttings in the soil.

General Care For Ceropegia Woodii Variegata “String Of Hearts”

Soil: You may use a cactus potting mix or soil with at least one-third of sand. Only fertilize with a well-balanced fertilizer during spring.

Cotyledon Tomentosa “Bear’s Paw”

• Other names: Cotyledon Tomentosa ‘Variegata’, Variegated Bear’s Paw
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Cotyledon
• Native: Africa

The Bear’s Paw is a shrub type of succulents that got its name because of how its leaves look like. It has thick and curvy leaves with mini claws at the tips that are red.

This could grow up to 20 inches tall, and its flowers are bell-shaped and orange-red or a bit pinkish.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A to 10A
• Light: Make sure to expose it to light for at least six hours.
• Temperature: The Bear Claws prefer warmth that shouldn’t go below 30° F.
• Water: It’s advisable to only water this once a week when the soil is already dry.
• Problems/Issues: It can be toxic to humans and animals. It is also prone to light frost during winter.

General Care For Cotyledon Tomentosa “Bear’s Paw”

Container – Make sure that you choose a container with at least one drainage hole. Since this plant tends to grow a lot, you should choose a deep container to let its roots spread nicely.

Soil – You should have this planted on a well-draining potting soil that is a bit sandy. Fertilize lightly during summer. You can do this twice a month.

Crassula Ovata “Jade Plant”

• Other Names: Lucky Plant, Money plant, Money Tree
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Genus: Crassula
• Native: South Africa and Mozambique

Jade plants have crowded branches that have an abundant number of lustrous, polished leaves. Jade plants can be great as a mini succulent. The leaves can range in color from jade green to yellow-green.

They tend to be between 18 and 30 inches tall. Occasionally during the spring, jade plants grow tiny, white flowers.

Jade plants are also known to provide benefits to health and wealth when you plant them in your home.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10a-11
• Light: Jade plants like at least 4 hours of sunlight a day, so you should place them in south-facing windows. 
• Temperature: Jade plants like temperatures between 65-75°F during the day, and 55°F during the night and during the winter.  During the winter, you also want to move jade plants away from windows or any drafty areas.  
• Water: You should keep them moist, but only water jade plants when the top layer of soil dries out.  Make sure you don’t spray the leaves with water.
• Problems/Issues: Jade plants can attract mealy bugs, develop root rot and occasionally develop droopy leaves.

General Care For Crassula Ovata “Jade Plant”

• Indoor Jade Plants will only need water every 2 to 3 weeks. But check regularly, and water when the top 1 to 2 inches of the soil is dry.
• This is one of the succulents that need full sun in order not to get stunted and leggy. Aim for at least four hours of direct sunlight a day.
• Jade plants are easy plants to propagate. You can propagate jade plants by stem cuttings or leaf cuttings.

Container – You can have this planted in medium-sized containers that allow good drainage.

Crassula Exilis Ssp. Schmidtii “Fairy Tongue”

• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Crassuloideae Genus: Crassula
• Native: Cape Province, South Africa

Fairy tongues have fuzzy stems that stick straight up. It has green leaves that start broad at the rosette that tapers to slim. The purplish-pink flowers are star-shaped and are in clusters.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10a-11
• Light: It likes full light, but when it is extremely hot, it likes to have some shade.
• Temperature: Fairy tongue can survive in temperatures that drop to 30°F.
• Water: During the months that are cooler, you should give fairy tongues a good soaking and allow it to dry out in between waterings.  During the summer months, you should water it less.
• Problems/Issues: Fairy tongues become dormant in the hotter months.  It can develop root rot and attract mealybugs.

General Care For Crassula Exilis Ssp. Schmidtii “Fairy Tongue”

Container – Fairy tongues need containers that have excellent drainage.

Soil – They should be planted in succulent potting soil.  You can use a control release fertilizer at the beginning of spring.

Crassula Capitella “Campfire Crassula”

• Other names: Crassula Capitella, Crassula Capitella ‘Campfire’, Crassula Erosula ‘Campfire’, Crassula Cocinea ‘Campfire’
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Crassuloideae Genus: Crassula
• Native: South Africa

The leaves of the Campfire Crassula are fleshy and light red. Its leaves are propeller-shaped and can turn bright red under the sun.

Each mat formed by its leaves can grow up to six inches tall and three feet wide.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A to 1B
• Light: You can have this exposed to partial and full sun for at least six hours every day.
• Temperature: Do not let it sit in a place with a temperature that is below 30° F.
• Water: This plant only needs light watering to avoid root rot.
• Problems/Issues: The Crassula Capitella is prone to getting mealy bugs and fungal diseases, especially when it’s overwatered. Its flowers can attract bees.

General Care For Crassula Capitella “Campfire Crassula”

Soil – You’ll need a well-draining and rich, gritty cactus mix.

Crassula Falcata “Propeller Plant”

• Other names: Airplane Plant, Crassula Perfoliata, Scarlet Paintbrush
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Crassuloideae Genus: Crassula
• Native: South Africa (Eastern Cape)

This succulent that grows well indoors is called it because of its leaves shaped like propellers. Its leaves are overlapping and are grayish-green in color. This can grow up to two feet tall, with its leaves elongating up to four feet.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9B to 11B
• Light: Make sure to place the container near a sunny window if it will be grown indoors.
• Temperature: It can thrive in an area with a temperature of 25 °F to 50 °F and can easily frost when exposed to a cold climate. Make sure to bring this indoors when needed.
• Water: Not much watering is needed, especially when repotting. Always wait for the soil to be dry before watering it lightly.
• Problems/Issues: This plant is prone to having mealy bugs and fungal diseases. Its flowers can attract bees and butterflies.

General Care For Crassula Falcata “Propeller Plant”

Container – You may use any container with excellent drainage.

Soil – This could thrive on potting soil and gritty soil mix. Just make sure to have this repotted during the warm season.

Crassula Muscosa “Watch Chain”

• Other names: Princess Pine
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Crassuloideae Genus: Crassula
• Native: Namibia and South Africa

This is a succulent with small compacted leaves. It is shaped like a bush and colored light green. It can grow up to 12 inches tall. It also has tiny yellow-green flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A
• Light: This will require at least 6 hours of time under the light or sun.
• Temperature: This is a plant that doesn’t thrive in cold temperatures. If the climate or temperature has dropped below 20° F, then this should be brought indoors to avoid frosting.
• Water: Water at least thrice a week or only when its soil is completely dry.
• Problems/Issues: This plant can easily suffer light overexposure. When overexposed, it easily dries and stiffens.

General Care For Crassula Muscosa “Watch Chain”

Container – Should be planted on containers that be brought indoors. The container should have a drainage hole.

Soil – Like most cacti and succulents, this plant thrives on dry soil. You can plant this on a gritty soil mix with perlites.

Crassula ‘Tom Thumb’

• Other names: Tom Thumb
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Crassuloideae Genus: Crassula
• Native: Namibia and South Africa

It’s a miniature type succulent plant with tiny and triangular leaves. Its leaves are colored green with some red on the edges. It could grow up to six inches tall. This blooms during spring with tiny white flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9B to 11B
• Light: Partial sun is fine for this plant. This means it needs at least 6 to 7 hours of light exposure.
• Temperature: It loves the temperature of summer. If it gets colder than 30° F, it’s best to take this plant indoors.
• Water: During the summer, you don’t need to water it often. Like a lot of succulents only have this watered when the soil is already dry. Never let it sit on water for a long time.
• Problems/Issues: This is susceptible to root rot. What you can do is sometimes leave this plant dry for a week to avoid this from happening.

General Care For Crassula ‘Tom Thumb’

Container – This requires a container where it could spread its roots. Preferably, use a container that can be brought indoors.

Soil – A succulent mix of perlite, sand, and peat moss is what you should use. Make sure that the pH of the soil is at 6.

Delosperma Sphalmanthoides “Tufted Ice Plant”

• Order: Caryophyllales Family: Aizoaceae Subfamily: Ruschioideae Tribe: Ruschieae Genus: Delosperma
• Native: South Africa

Tufted ice plants have small, crowded, finger-like leaves that are a bluish-green color. Tufted ice plants produce magenta and pink flowers that come out at the end of summer and fall.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 7a-10b
• Light: Tufted ice plants can survive in partial light, but prefer full light.
• Temperature: Tufted ice plants are frost-hardy and survive in temperatures as low as zero. It prefers to be at 55°F.
• Water: You should water it weekly during the summer and allow the soil to dry out in the winter.
• Problems/Issues: Tufted ice plants can suffer from root rot and sooty mold.  They can also attract aphids, mealybugs, spider mites, and vine weevils.

General Care For Delosperma Sphalmanthoides “Tufted Ice Plant”

Container – Tufted ice plants need containers that have excellent drainage and also work well in hanging baskets.

Soil – You should plant them in cacti potting soil. You can fertilize tufted ice plants once a month in spring and summer with a cactus fertilizer.

You can also use a standard liquid fertilizer that has been diluted to half strength.

Drosanthemum Speciosum “Red Ice Plant”

• Other Known Names: Royal Dew Flower, Dew Flower, Red Bush Ice Plant
• Order: Caryophyllales Family: Aizoaceae Genus: Drosanthemum
• Native: South Africa, Nambia

A red ice plant is an entangled shrublet that can get up to two feet tall. It has small, shimmery green leaves. Red ice plants have flowers in various colors, such as scarlet, yellow, and orange. Only on pleasant summer afternoons will the flowers open.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9a-11
• Light: It likes full sun; however, if you live in extremely hot areas, you should give it partial shade.
• Temperature: Red ice plants can survive as low as 20°F.
• Water: Just like other succulents, red ice plants don’t like to be overwatered.  You need to give it a good soaking, then allow it to dry between waterings.
• Problems/Issues: Red ice plants can suffer from root rot and can attract mealybugs and scale.

General Care For Drosanthemum Speciosum “Red Ice Plant”

Container – Red ice plants need containers that have excellent drainage.

Soil – They need to be grown in a loam-based potting soil that has perlite added to it.

Echeveria Elegans “Mexican Snowball”

• Other known names: Mexican gems, White Mexican Rose
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Genus: Echeveria
• Native: The semi-deserts of Mexico

Mexican snowballs are low-growing succulent plants that grow in compressed, blue-green mounds. They have pink flowers with tints of yellow in them, and the tips of the leaves are pink.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9a-11
• Light: They enjoy being in full, direct light.
• Temperature: Mexican snowballs can be in high temperatures and their only real protection they need is when temperatures reach below 25°F.
• Water: Just like other succulents, water them when their soil dries out, during the spring and summer.  Don’t water Mexican snowballs during the winter.
• Problems/Issues: Mexican snowballs can experience soft and root rot; and can also attract mealy bugs.

General Care For Echeveria Elegans “Mexican Snowball”

Container – Mexican snowballs grow best in unglazed clay pots.

Soil – You want to make sure that their soil drains well.  

You should either use cactus soil or a mixture of equal parts sand, topsoil, and compost. You can use a liquid fertilizer two to three times a year.

Echeveria “Black Prince”

• Other names: Black Hens and Chicks
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Echeveria
• Native: Semi-desert areas of Central America, Mexico, and Northwestern South America

The Black Prince is a rosette-forming succulent is another low-growing type. Its leaves are thick and dark purple. Each rosette could grow up to three inches wide, and this plant has dark red flowers that bloom every late fall and early winter.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A to 11B
• Light: The Black Prince requires at least six hours of light exposure. When grown indoors, the color of this plant may change and lighten up a bit.
• Temperature: It can’t tolerate the cold temperature. Put it indoors if the temperature gets colder than 20° F.
• Water: Do not let the rosettes sit on the water. Wait for the topsoil to dry out first before watering this plant again.
• Problems/Issues: It is prone to fungal diseases. Its dead leaves can be a home to various types of pests, so make sure that you remove those as soon as you see them.

General Care For Echeveria ‘Black Prince’

Container – You can plant this on a medium to a large-sized container that allows smooth drainage.

Soil – Use a cactus potting mix with a pH level of 6.

Echeveria Imbricata “Blue Rose”

• Other names: Blue Rose Echeveria, Hens, and Chicks
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Echeveria
• Native: Mexico

The Echeveria imbricata is a rosette-forming succulent, considered one of the most common types of Echeveria.

It is powdery blue with a touch of pink on the edges of its leaves. It could grow up to eight inches wide, and its flowers are yellow.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A
• Light: It also loves the sun, so full exposure to sunlight shouldn’t be a problem.
• Temperature: This plant enjoys the summer weather of around 65ºF to 70ºF. If the temperature drops to 30º F, it’s best to bring it indoors.
• Water: Do not let it sit on water for too long. It’s best to only water this plant when the soil is already dry.
• Problems/Issues: It is prone to having mealy bugs. Remove its dead leaves right away as it could start the pest infestation.

General Care For Echeveria Imbricata “Blue Rose”

Container – Make sure that you use a container that will allow smooth drainage.

Soil – The Blue Rose prefers soil that has a pH level of 6. You can use a cactus potting mix.

Echeveria Runyoni “Topsy Turvy” Or “Silver Spoons”

• Other names: Silver Spoons, Mexican Hens and Chicks, Silver Spoons Echeveria, Topsy Turvy
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Echeveria
• Native: Tamaulipas in Mexico

This fast-growing flowering succulent has long leaves that could grow up to five inches long. It grows as a rosette that is heavy and thick. Its leaves are bluish-green that look powdery. During the fall is when its orange and yellow flowers bloom.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 8A to 10B
• Light: It can take partial and full sunlight for at least six hours daily.
• Temperature: This plant won’t thrive well in cold temperatures. It’s best to bring this plant indoors if the temperature has dropped to 20° F.
• Water: Careful watering is needed, and you should only water this plant if its soil is completely dry.
• Problems/Issues: This plant is prone to having mealy bugs.

General Care For Echeveria Runyoni ‘Topsy Turvy’

Container – It’s best to have this planted on a medium-sized container that allows drainage.

Soil – Use a well-draining cactus gritty mix.

Euphorbia Milii “Crown-Of-Thorns”

• Other known names: Christ plant, Christ thorn
• Order: Malpighiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Genus: Euphorbia
• Native: Madagascar

Mostly known as the Crown-of-Thorns plant is a shrub-type succulent that can get up to three feet long.

The leaves are smooth-edged. When they are immature, they are bright green, but they turn to a grayish-green arranged in a spiral pattern as they mature. Crown-of-Thorn stems have sharp spines that run through them.  

The flowers are either red or yellow; however, hybrids have a variety of colors.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 8a-11
• Light: It likes full direct sunlight.
• Temperature: likes temperatures between 65-75°F, but can survive if it gets as low as 50°F and as high as 95°F.
• Water: Crown-of-thorns need water when the soil is dry, one inch in depth.  You should flood the pot and let the extra water drain out, once it drains out dump out the excess water.  During the winter, you should allow the soil to dry out to two-three inches in depth.
• Problems/Issues: Crown-of-thorns can attract mealybugs, spider mites and scales.  They can also develop root rot.  Another important issue with Crown-of-thorns is that they are poisonous if eaten and their sap can cause skin irritations.  You should wear gloves when handling them and keep them out of the reach of small children and animals.

General Care For Euphorbia Milii “Crown-Of-Thorns”

Container – You need a container that will allow for drainage, and make sure the container is large enough to contain the roots. You will want to replant crown-of-thorns every two years in the late winter or early spring to protect the roots.

Soil – Crown-of thorns should be grown in cacti or succulent soil. During the summer, you should use a liquid houseplant fertilizer every two weeks, then once a month during the winter.

Euphorbia Tirucalli “Fire Sticks”

• Other names: Sticks of Fire, Red Pencil Tree, Sticks on Fire, Euphorbia tirucalli ‘Rosea’
• Family: Euphorbiaceae Subfamily: Euphordioideae Genus: Euphorbia
• Native: Southern India

The Euphorbia Tirucalli is a shrub type of succulent that could grow up to 25 feet tall. It has cylindrical branches that are green with yellowish and pinkish tips.

Its leaves are small, only measure about half an inch, and that is why this plant sometimes appears to be naked. The lower part of the leaves is pale yellow.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10A
• Light: Make sure to expose it to sunlight for at least six hours.
• Temperature: It won’t thrive in cold weather as this plant loves the sun.
• Water: Only water this plant if the soil is already dry as it cannot tolerate wet or moist soil.
• Problems/Issues: This is known to be toxic to humans and animals.

General Care For Euphorbia Tirucalli “Fire Sticks”

Container – This is preferably grown outdoors because it tends to grow tall, but it still would do good as a container plant. Just make sure you choose a deep container that will allow smooth drainage.

• Place near a sunny window.
• This plant has extra-low watering needs; every couple of weeks only.
• Soil should be gritty and well-draining.
• Replant when rootbound.

Other Euphorbia Succulents

For more information on other types of Euphorbia succulents that are not listed above. Read on for related posts on:

• Euphorbia Trigona (African Milk Tree)
• Euphorbia Ingens (Candelabra Tree)
• Euphorbia Lambii (Tree Euphorbia)
• Euphorbia Obesa (Baseball Plant)
• Euphorbia Flanaganii (Medusa’s Head)
• Euphorbia Hypericifolia Inneuphdia (Diamond Frost Euphorbia)
• Euphorbia Lactea Cristata (Coral Cactus)
• Euphorbia Leucodendron (Cat Tails Euphorbia)

Gasteria “Little Warty”

• Other name: Little Warty
• Family: Asphodelaceae Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Gasteria
• Native: South Africa

The little warty is a small succulent with white and green-colored leaves. It got its name because of the little wart-like bumps it has on its leaves.

Generally, it doesn’t have a concrete form as some of its leaves point upwards, while some just stick out.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10A
• Light: This plant mainly enjoys the summer heat, but does not directly expose to sunlight.
• Temperature: If the weather gets colder than 30° F, it’s best to let this plant stay indoors.
• Water: Only water this plant when the soil is completely dry. Water less during the winter and do not let the water stay in between its leaves.
• Problems/Issues: The Little Warty is prone to having dark spots on its leaves caused by fungal diseases.

General Care For Gasteria ‘Little Warty’

Container – The Little Warty is shallow-rooted. It’s best to plant this in a broad and shallow container that can be brought indoors.

Soil – A cactus soil mix will let this Gasteria thrive well. Choose a soil mix with sand.

It’s best to fertilize this during the summer with cactus fertilizers.

Graptopetalum Paraguayense “Ghost Plant”

• Other known names: Ghost Plant, Mother of Pearl
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Genus: Graptopetalum
• Native: Mexico

Ghost plants are a rare succulent variety that grows in concentrated leaves that form a rosette. The leaves start wider (and can be up to several inches wide), and as they go up, forming the rosette, the leaves get skinner (and can be less than an inch thick leaves).  

The stems on the ghost plants are fragile and trail along. One exciting thing about ghost plants is that the leaves grow from the center of the rosette out.  

The leaves are covered in pruinose, a powdery substance that gives it its ghost look.  

They can range and change color, depending on the amount of light they receive. If ghost plants are in full sun, the leaves are somewhat luminous in a yellowish pink color.  

If the ghost plant receives partial light, the leaves turn a bluish-gray; and if the ghost plant is in the grueling heat, the leaves are grey with an overtone of pink.  

As the ghost plant matures, it has a slim appearance; however, you can pinch the leaves back to get rid of the skinny appearance.  If you are lucky, your ghost plant will grow tiny, yellow flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 8b-11
• Light: Ghost plants can survive in partial light but prefers full light.
• Temperature: They can survive in temperatures as low as 25°F; however, they prefer temperatures above 55°F.
• Water: Ghost plants need to be watered when their soil becomes dry a few inches deep or the leaves start to shrivel. You want to give them a soaking but don’t allow them to sit in the water. During the winter months, you only want to water them once a month.
• Problems/Issues: Ghost plants have very fragile stems, so you are going to pick a spot and leave them there. They can also suffer root rot and can attract mealybugs, vine weevil, and aphids.

General Care For Graptopetalum Paraguayense “Ghost Plant”

Container – Ghost plants grow best in terra cotta plants.  They can also be put in unglazed clay plants.

Soil – You want soil that drains well.  

You can make a mixture of peat grass/sand, topsoil, and compost. You can also use a cactus or succulent potting soil. You should only fertilize in the spring.

Graptoveria “Fred Ives”

• Other names: Hybrid of Graptopetalum paraguayense and Echeveria gibbiflora
• Family: Crassulaceae Genus: Graptoveria
• Native: Mexico

The Fred Ives is a rosette-forming succulent with dense pinkish-purple leaves.

When exposed to the sun, its leaves can change to different colors like yellow-orange and blue-green. It could grow up to eight inches tall and up to 1 foot wide. It has yellow flowers that bloom every summer.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A to 11B
• Light: It needs at least six hours of light exposure daily.
• Temperature: If the temperature gets colder than 20° F, it’s best to bring this plant indoors.
• Water: This has moderate water needs, which means that you shouldn’t water it if the topsoil is still moist or wet.
• Problems/Issues: Fred Ives graptoveria is prone to overwatering which could cause root rots. It can also be infested by pets.

General Care For Graptoveria “Fred Ives”

Container – You can use an indoor container with at least 6 inches of depth.

Soil – Choose a potting mix with peat or sand with a bit of compost.

Graptoveria “Silver Star”

• Other names: Hybrid between Graptopetalum filliferum and Echeveria agavoides
• Family: Crassulaceae Genus: Graptoveria
• Native: Mexico

The Silver Star has greenish-gray leaves that could form as a dome-like rosette.

The tips of its leaves could have a rosy color when exposed to the sun. It could grow up to six inches tall and also six inches in diameter. It has pink and white flowers that only blossom in spring.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10A to 11B
• Light: It thrives well with just partial sunlight. It needs at least six hours of light exposure.
• Temperature: The silver star can tolerate a bit of cold, but if the temperature has already dropped to 10° F, then it’s best to bring this indoors.
• Water: It can only handle moderate watering. There’s no need to wait for the soil to be completely dry until the bottom. You can already water this if the topsoil at 5 inches down is already dry.
• Problems/Issues: It is prone to root rot and pest infestation.

General Care For Graptoveria ‘Silver Star

Container – This is a good container plant but chooses a container with excellent drainage.

Soil – The soil should have peat, sand, grit, and a bit of compost.

Haworthia Fasciata “Zebra Plant”

• Other names: Zebra Haworthia
• Family: Asphodelaceae Subfamily: Asphodeloideae Genus: Haworthia
• Native: South Africa (Eastern Cape)

The Haworthia Fasciata has thick dark green leaves with white stripes based on its name as the Zebra Plant. The leaves are triangular in shape and point upwards. It has white flowers that bloom in October and November.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10
• Light: When it comes to lighting, zebra plants need plenty of sun, so when placed indoors, make sure that it is placed where it can get direct sunlight for at least 10 hours.
• Temperature: The temperature shouldn’t reach below 50°F. Keep this plant in a place that is 65°F to 80°F in temperature.
• Water: It can only handle moderate watering. There’s no need to wait for the soil to be completely dry at the bottom. You can already water this if the topsoil at 5 inches down is already dry.
• Problems/Issues: It is prone to root rot and pest infestation.

General Care For Zebra Plant “Haworthia Fasciata”

• The root system is insubstantial and won’t penetrate the soil deeply. A shallow pot is perfect for the Zebra Cactus.
• Repot every year for the best growth.
• The soil must be nearly dry before watering.
• Do not expose it to direct sunlight as it will become shriveled. Bright light is best.

Other Haworthia Succulents

For more information on other types of Haworthia succulents that are not listed above. Read on for related posts on:

• Haworthia Cooperi (Cooper’s Haworthia)

Hoya Carnosa

Hoya carnosa is well-known for its waxy blooms and foliage. This evergreen, semi-woody, twining plant bears fragrant, many clusters of flowers with five symmetrical lobes on each floret.

They are typically white, cream, or pink with black, star-shaped centers. Hoya carnosa Krimson Queen and Hoya carnosa Compacta (also known as Hindu rope plant), which is one of the most well-known hoya plants due to its curled, meaty leaves and long tendrils.

Hoya Carnosa Variegata

Variegated wax plants are like the original Hoya carnosa plant, the leaves are multicolored. They have clusters of waxy, sweet-smelling flowers. The most popular types of wax plants with different colors are the Tricolors, Krimson Queen, Krimson Princess, and Purple Pride cultivars. Hoya carnosa variegata tricolor plants are often used to describe all of these different types.

Hylotelephium Sieboldii “October Daphne”

• Other known names: Misebaya, October Plant, October Stonecrop, Stonecrop, Showy Stonecrop
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Tribe: Umbilicinae Genus: Hylotelephium
• Native: Japan

October daphne bulbous, heap with parallel branches that come from a central point. The leaves are bulbous in shape and can either have blue-green or silver-blue leaves.

The leaves spiral around the stem and have clusters of star-shaped, bright pink flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 6a-9b
• Light: It likes to have full light, but during the extreme heat, it likes to have some shade.
• Temperature: October daphne is a hardy plant. It can survive as low as -10°F; however, during the winter it prefers to be around 45-50°F.
• Water: It likes to have a good soaking and then to dry out between waterings. During the winter, you should water October daphnes less.
• Problems/Issues: October daphnes can develop root rot and attract aphids, scale and mealybugs.

General Care For Hylotelephium Sieboldii “October Daphne”

Container – October daphne needs to be in containers with excellent drainage; they also do well in hanging baskets.

Soil – They should be planted in soil-based compost that is mixed with coarse sand or perlite. If you want to fertilize, you can use a standard liquid fertilizer, which is diluted. If you fertilize, you should do it every two weeks during the growing season.

Kalanchoe Thyrsiflora “Flapjack Paddle Plant”

• Other known names: Paddle Plant, Dessert Cabbage
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Genus: Kalanchoe
• Native: South Africa

Flapjack paddle plants have a rosette-shaped succulent that is made of flat, smooth, oar-shaped leaves. The leaves are greenish-gray; however, when exposed to the sun, the leaves take on a reddish tint.

Mature flowers can have yellow flowers, which are very aromatic.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10a-11
• Light: They prefer bright light, if you place them in a window, turn them weekly so the whole plant receives light.
• Temperature: Flapjack paddle plants don’t like temperatures below 50°F and prefer temperatures between 60-85°F. 
• Water: Give flapjack paddle plants a good soaking when the first two inches of their soil becomes dry, and allow them to dry out between each time you water them.  You should avoid getting their leaves wet.
• Problems/Issues: paddle plants can suffer from root rot and can also attract mealybugs.

General Care For Kalanchoe Thyrsiflora “Flapjack Paddle Plant”

Container – Flapjack paddle plants grow best in terra cotta plants. You can put them in other pots, as long as they have excellent drainage to them.

Soil – You can use cacti/succulent potting soil. You should only fertilize in the growing season with a cacti/succulent fertilizer.

Kalanchoe Pumila “Flower Dust Plant”

• Other names: Kalanchoe Pumila Baker, Silver Gray
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Kalanchoe
• Native: Madagascar

This is a dwarf succulent shrub that has medicinal values. It has a few light spots, and its leaves have spiky edges.

It could grow up to 12 inches tall. It has pink-violet flowers with yellow anthers. It spreads as it grows, and the light spots plus the waxy hairs that its leaves make it seem as if it’s frosted.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A
• Light: Make sure it is placed where it can get direct sunlight for at least 6 to 8 hours.
• Temperature: This succulent loves warmth. It should be taken in a controlled space if the temperature outside drops below 55ºF.
• Water: It can only handle moderate watering. There’s no need to wait for the soil to be completely dry until the bottom. You can already water this if the topsoil at 5 inches down is already dry.
• Problems/Issues: It is prone to root rot and pest infestation.

General Care For Flower Dust Plant

Container – This can be planted on regular containers with drainage, but it’s best to have this planted on a hanging container.

Soil – This needs light, well-draining soil. It thrives well on any succulent potting mix.

Kalanchoe Tomentosa “Panda Plant”

• Other known names: Pussy Ears, Panda plants
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Genus: Kalanchoe
• Native: Madagascar

Panda plants grown indoors are limited in size by the container, so they grow to be about two feet tall and about two feet around.

Their leaves are trimmed in a brownish-red color and covered with white or silver hairs that make the plants look and feel velvety.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9b-11
• Light: It prefers direct sunlight in either the early morning or late afternoon. It does best in bright, indirect light.
• Temperature: Panda plant loves temperatures between 60° and 75°F.
• Water: Panda plant will die if it is overwatered.  You should only water the plant when the soil becomes completely dry.  When you water it, you soak the plant; however, you don’t want to let the plant sit in water.
• Problems/Issues: Diseases that could occur with the panda plant are root rot, soft rot, fungal stem rot, and leaf rot.  Panda plants can attract mealy bugs. It is important to note, that the leaves of panda plants are toxic, so you need to keep your plant out of reach of small children and animals.

General Care For Kalanchoe Tomentosa “Panda Plant”

Container – You want to use a terra-cotta or other porous material, with at least one hole in the bottom. They can also be grown in hanging pots.

Soil – You can plant the panda plant in either a succulent potting mix or a soil mixture mixed with coarse sand that has broken pieces of clay pot pieces on the bottom. You can add a weak fertilizer to it during the spring and summer months, but only once a month.

Other Kalanchoe Succulents

The above is just a small sampling of some Kalanchoe plants. There are many more. For more information on other types of Kalanchoe succulents that are not listed above. Read on for related posts on:

• Kalanchoe Daigremontiana (Mother Of Thousands)
• Kalanchoe Blossfeldiana (Flaming Katy)
• Kalanchoe Marnieriana (Marnier’s Kalanchoe)
• Kalanchoe Tubiflora (Mother of Millions)
• Kalanchoe Beharensis (Elephant’s Ear)

Mammillaria spinosissima “Pincushion Cactus”

• Order: Caryophyllales Family: Cactaceae Subfamily: Cactoideae Tribe: Cacteae Subtribe: Cactinae Genus: Mammillaria
• Native: Mexico, Southwestern United States, Caribbean, Colombia, Venezuela, Guatemala, and Honduras

There are 250 species, but for the most part, they are short, stocky, orb, or cylindered-shaped cactus.

*Please note: There are 250 species of pincushion cactus (such as Giant Snake plant, Snowball Cushion, and Old Lady). However, they are all grown and taken care of in the same manner*

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: Depends on the plant
• Light: Cactus-like temperatures between 50-75°F, but prefer the higher temperatures. They also prefer direct light.
• Temperature: Cactus only need to be water every two-three weeks. Just like other succulents, give them a nice soaking but don’t allow them to sit in the water. Also, water them more infrequently in the wintertime.
• Water: This has moderate water needs, which means that you shouldn’t water it if the topsoil is still moist or wet.
• Problems/Issues: Like other succulents, cactus will develop diseases such as stem rot, root rot, or soft rot. They can develop cactus anthracnose, and sunburn and they can attract spider mites and mealy bugs.  Also, note that cacti are prickly, so you should keep them out of the reach of small children and use care when handling them.

General Care Mammillaria spinosissima “Pincushion Cactus”

Container – Pincushion cactus should be grown in unglazed clay or other porous pots. There needs to be at least one drainage hole on the bottom.

Soil – Pincushion cactus should be grown in cacti potting soil or soil with good drainage and a bit gritty, with a sandy top layer. You should also add small gravel to the base of the cactus. You can fertilize once a month during the spring and summer seasons. You can use a diluted houseplant general-purpose fertilizer.

You can also give your cactus a little cactus food in the early spring.

Mammillaria Elongata “Ladyfinger Cactus”

• Other names: Ladyfinger, Gold Lace Cactus
• Family: Cactaceae Genus: Mammillaria
• Native: United States and Mexico

The Ladyfinger Cactus has densely packed elongated clusters. It is green and orange in color and has yellow and brown spines.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9b-11
• Light: It loves the sunlight, but make sure to avoid overexposure. It thrives well with just four hours of sunlight daily.
• Temperature: It loves temperatures between 60° and 75°F.
• Water: There is no need to water this plant during winter. During other seasons, only water if the soil is already dry.
• Problems/Issues: This plant is prone to fungal diseases.

General Care For Mammillaria Elongata “Ladyfinger Cactus”

Container – It’s best to use a container that you can bring indoors. It would be best if you chose a container that allows the draining.

Soil – It needs a well-draining cactus mix.

Opuntia Microdasys Albata “Bunny Ears”

• Other names: Angel Wings, Polka-dots Cactus, Opuntia Microdasys
• Family: Cactaceae Genus: Opuntia
• Native: Central and Northern Mexico

Almost true to its name, this cactus type of plant looks like the ears of a bunny.

It has flat and oval stems that could grow up to 18 inches tall. It forms as a dense shrub and has white or yellow aureoles or glochids on its pads.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A
• Light: It prefers direct sunlight in either the early morning or late afternoon. It does best in bright, indirect light.
• Temperature: Keep this is in a place where the temperature is 70-100° F. If the temperature gets colder than 20° F, you should bring this indoors.
• Water: Its soil should be kept moist during its first season. The watering should become less after the first season. During winter, you should not water this plant.
• Problems/Issues: This is prone to stem base rot and shriveling patches when overwatered. Mealy bugs can also affect this plant’s appearance.

General Care For Opuntia Microdasys Albata “Bunny Ears”

Container – Choose a wide container for this plant as it could grow wide and need some space. Drainage is also a must.

Soil – The Bunny Ears thrives well on sandy soil with perlite or bark.

Peperomia Graveolens “Ruby Glow”

• Other names: Ruby Glow Peperomia, Ruby Peperomia
• Family: Piperaceae Genus: Peperomia
• Native: Peru and Ecuador

The Ruby Glow is a shrub-like succulent that could grow up to 10 inches tall.

Its stems and the outer part of its leaves are colored red. It forms a V-5shape as it grows, making it look nice as a filler in a container or arrangement. The leaves look a bit powdery, and their flowers are yellowish.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A
• Light: Avoid exposing this to direct sunlight. Partial lighting is best for this plant. This plant will thrive indoors, and you can use fluorescent grow lights.
• Temperature: Peperomia doesn’t enjoy freezing weather. Try to keep it at a temperature that’s around 65˚F to 75˚F.
• Water: The soil it’s on should be moist. A bit of spraying on the leaves would also do it well.
• Problems/Issues: It’s very easy to have this overwatered and when it is, the plant easily wilts and has scab-like protrusions on its leaves. It’s also prone to be infested by mealy bugs.

General Care For Peperomia Graveolens “Ruby Glow”

Container – You can use small to medium-sized containers with drainage. The Peperomia is an exemplary display plant, so you can put it on something that could go on a table or window.

Soil – It thrives best on loose and rich soil mixed with peat and sand. You can have this fertilized every two weeks.

Other Peperomia Succulents

There are many more types of peperomia succulents to consider. They make great indoor houseplants and are easy to care for.

• Peperomia Argyreia: Watermelon Peperomia Plant Care
• Peperomia Obtusifolia: Baby Rubber Plant Care
• Peperomia Prostrata: String Of Turtles Plant Care
• Peperomia Hope: Acorn Peperomia Plant Care
• Peperomia Caperata Plant Care

Plectranthus Prostratus “Tangled Hearts”

• Other names: Succulent Swedish Ivy, Pillow Plant
• Order: Lamiales Family: Lamiaceae Subfamily: Nepetoideae Tribe: Ocimeae Genus: Plectranthus
• Native: South Africa

The tangled heart is a modest succulent that has multiple stems. Tangled heart leaves are lime green with purple lining the edges; they are also dense, teeny, and hairy. The flowers it produces are tiny, white, and have hints of purple in them.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 10a-11
• Light: It likes bright-indirect light, and enjoys being in a southern-facing window.
• Temperature: Tangled hearts can handle temperatures as low as 30°F and the frost doesn’t affect the flowering.  In the summer it prefers temperatures between 70-75°F and during the winter it prefers temperatures between 60-65°F.
• Water: You should give tangled hearts a good soaking then allow the soil to dry between waterings.  You should not allow tangled hearts to sit in water.
• Problems/Issues: Tangled hearts can get leaf spots and root rot.  They can also attract mealybugs, spider mites, scale, and aphids.

General Care For Plectranthus Prostratus “Tangled Hearts”

Container – Tangled hearts do well in hanging baskets that have at least one drainage hole.

Soil – You should plant them in soil-based potting soil with perlite added to it.

Sansevieria Cylindrica

Sansevieria Cylindrica, also known as the African Spear Plant or the Cylindrical Snake Plant, is a low-maintenance succulent that can enhance the appearance of both indoor and outdoor gardening. The cylindrical snake plant is a great first houseplant because it doesn’t need much care.

Sansevieria zeylanica

Sansevieria zeylanica, a member of the Asparagaceae family, is also known as the Ceylon Bowstring Hemp or Mother-in-Tongue. Law’s Sansevieria zeylanica is a blooming plant without a stalk. Although it is capable of producing blooms, you should be aware that it is doubtful that your plant will do so, as this occurs infrequently. Most owners only cultivate these plants for their leaves. When it does bloom, the flowers are greenish-white and aromatic.

Sansevieria Laurentii

Sansevieria Laurentii, also known as a type of snake plant, is a popular houseplant because it is low-maintenance and easy to care for. It is a slow-growing plant that can eventually reach a height of about 2-4 feet. Its foliage has a brilliant green with yellow margins.

Portulacaria Afra “Elephant Bush”

• Other names: Elephant Food, Elephant’s Food, Elephant Plant, Miniature Jade, Dwarf Jade, Dwarf Jade Plant, Small Leaf Jade, Porkbush
• Family: Portulacaceae Subfamily: Portulacarioideae Genus: Portulacaria
• Native: South Africa and Swaziland

The Elephant Bush is a succulent shrub that looks like a small tree.

It could grow up to 15 feet tall, and it has round tiny leaves that grow from its woody stems. Its flowers are star-shaped and pink in color.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9B to 11B
• Light: It doesn’t do well under intense sunlight. Keep it under a partially shaded area.
• Temperature: It won’t thrive in a temperature that’s colder than 30° F.
• Water: This is drought-tolerant but it’s best to have this plant’s soil regularly checked. Once the soil is already completely dry, then you should water it.
• Problems/Issues: Its leaves could easily fall off when it’s overwatered.

General Care For Portulacaria Afra “Elephant Bush”

Container – You’ll need a medium to a large-sized container that has some depth.

Soil – Use damp gritty soil that is slightly acidic (pH level of 6).

Sedum Morganianum “Burro’s Tail”

• Other known names: Horse’s Tail, Lamb’s Tail
• Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Genus: Sedum
• Native: Southern Mexico and Honduras

It is a dwarf shrub that has stems that creep behind it. Burro’s tail has lanced-shaped, blue-green leaves that form a braided appearance.  

Rarely burro’s tail that is grown indoors develop small, pinkish-red, star-shaped flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9a-11
• Light: You have to accustomed burro’s tail to bright light, and then once it is accustomed to it, it likes bright light.
• Temperature: Burro’s tail likes temperatures about 40°F. 
• Water: Soak the burro’s tail, then allow the soil to almost dry out between waterings, then reduce the frequency in the fall and winter. Sometimes, you only need to water burro’s tail only once a month, during the winter months.
• Problems/Issues: Mealy bugs, root rot and sometimes the leaves will wilt.

General Care For Sedum Morganianum “Burro’s Tail”

Container – It’s best to keep the donkey’s tail in a hanging basket that is well-drained.

Soil – You can either use a cactus mix or a mixture of regular soil, perlite, pumice, and small pea gravel.  You can fertilize it with cactus food once or twice a year.

Sedum Nussbaumerianum “Coppertone Sedum”

• Other names: Coppertone Stonecrop, Nussbaumer’s Sedum
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Sedum
• Native: Mexico

This is a low-growing perennial and evergreen type succulent plant that turns into a copper color when exposed to the sun for an extended period. Its stem elongates for up to three inches.

Naturally, its leaves are yellow-green and sometimes a bit red. Its blossoms are white.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9A to 11B
• Light: It needs at least 6 hours of light exposure.
• Temperature: This prefers cooler places with a temperature of at least 30° F.
• Water: Soak the burro’s tail, then allow the soil to almost dry out between waterings and reduce the frequency in the fall and winter.  Sometimes, you only need to water the burro’s tail once a month, during the winter months.
• Problems/Issues: Mealybugs, root rot, and sometimes the leaves will wilt.

General Care For Coppertone Sedum

Container – This can be grown directly on the ground or in containers with drainage. You can also plant this on a hanging container.

Soil – You may use a gritty potting mix with pebbles and peat moss. What’s important is that you use well-draining soil. You should only fertilize its soil annually with a balanced fertilizer.

Sedum Rubrotinctum “Pork And Beans”

• Other names: Jelly Bean Plant, Brown Beans, Christmas Cheer, Banana Cactus
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Sedum
• Native: Mexico

This evergreen and perennial succulent variety has long, lean leaves that can grow up to eight inches tall. Its leaves are shaped like jelly beans. Hence, the name is popular.

The leaves are mainly green, but when exposed to the sun, the tips of the beans turn red. Sometimes, especially during the summer, the tips turn bronze.

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Quick Facts

• Light: It also requires at least 6 hours of light exposure.
• Temperature: This prefers warm places, and it shouldn’t stay in a place that is colder than 20° F.
• Water: This doesn’t need to be watered all the time. You can wait for the soil to dry out before watering it again. It’s better to have this plant underwatered rather than overwatered.
• Problems/Issues: is not suited for indoor growing. It can easily die when it is overwatered.

General Care For Sedum Rubrotinctum “Pork And Beans”

Container – This is very easy to grow, so you can use any container you prefer, as long as it has a drainage hole. You can also have it planted directly on the ground.

Soil – It can thrive on regular potting soil. It doesn’t need to be fertilized.

Sempervivum “Pacific Devil’s Food”

• Other names: Pacific Devil’s Food, Chocolate Kiss, Hens and Chicks
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Sempervivum
• Native: United States

The Pacific Devil’s Food is a perennial that has almost crimson leaves. The leaves are also shiny and also form a rosette. It is excellent for beginners as it is easy to care for. Its flowers are pink in color.

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Quick Facts

• Light: This should be under the light for a minimum of six hours.
• Temperature: It needs to be kept in an area with at least -30° F in temperature.
• Water: As a drought-tolerant plant, the Pacific Devil’s food shouldn’t be watered often. It should be kept dry during winter. It needs at least six hours of light exposure.
• Problems/Issues: This plant attracts bees and it is monocarpic. Once this plant blooms, it dies.

General Care For Sempervivum ‘Pacific Devil’s Food’

Container – This thrives well as an outdoor plant, so it’s best to plant it outdoors. When planting in a container, make sure its roots can spread well.

Soil – You can use regular soil with this as it is an adaptable plant.

Sempervivum “Royanum”

• Other names: Hen and Chickens, Sempervivum Tectorum ‘Royanum’, Houseleek
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Sempervivum
• Native: The mountains of Southern Europe

The Sempervivum ‘Royanum’ is a rosette-forming evergreen succulent that could grow up to 5 inches in diameter.

It has yellowish-green leaves that are red on the tips. It’s a flowering plant that produces star-shaped reddish-purple flowers.

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Quick Facts

• Light: It requires a full sun shade of at least six hours daily.
• Temperature: This plant enjoys warm temperatures of 65 to 75 °F.
• Water: Keep the soil moderately moist while germinating. However, after germination, only water if the soil is already dry.
• Problems/Issues: Prone to root rot when it is overwatered.

General Care For Sempervivum “Royanum” Or “Houseleek”

Container – Use a small to medium-sized container that’s shallow and allows smooth drainage. It’s best to grow this plant outdoors.

Soil – It’s best to use a well-drained gritty mix with peat when planting this Houseleek. It doesn’t need fertilizers to thrive.

Senecio Barbertonicus “Succulent Bush Senecio”

• Other names: Barberton Senecio, Barberton Groundsel
• Family: Asteraceae Subfamily: Asteroideae Genus: Senecio
• Native: South Africa

This succulent evergreen bush can grow up to six feet tall. Its leaves are long and finger-like and could grow up to four inches. This also has flowers that are yellow and could elongate for up to three inches.

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Quick Facts

• Light: It can thrive under the full sun or partial shade. What’s important is that it receives light for at least six hours a day.
• Temperature: It’s best to plant this during the summer or early June as it loves the warm weather. If the temperature gets colder than 30 ° F, it would be better to bring this indoors.
• Water: The method of soak and dry is what works best for this. Do not water if the soil is still wet from watering it previously.
• Problems/Issues: It can be affected by scale and mealy bugs. When it gets really tall, it gets floppy, so make sure you have it pruned from time to time.

General Care For Senecio Barbertonicus “Succulent Bush Senecio”

Container – This can thrive on the ground outside, but it’s best to have this planted in an indoor container.

Soil – This needs soil with softwood cuttings or sand. It prefers slightly acidic to slightly alkaline soil but would still thrive in normal soil. You should only fertilize its soil annually to avoid over-fertilizing.

Senecio Haworthii “Cocoon Plant”

• Other names: Wooly Senecio
• Family: Asteraceae Subfamily: Asteroideae Genus: Senecio
• Native: South Africa

This perennial dwarf succulent shrub has whitish and cylindrical leaves that grow upwards. It could grow up to 1 foot tall. It looks a bit hairy, and the flowers it bears are bright yellow.

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Quick Facts

• Light: It’s fine to fully or partially expose it to the sun for 6-12 hours.
• Temperature: This plant doesn’t like the cold weather, even if it looks cool with its white color. When the temperature rises to 30° F, take this plant indoors.
• Water: Thrives well on dry soil so do not overwater. Wait for the soil to completely dry out before watering again.
• Problems/Issues: Prone to getting scales and mealy bugs. It can also get floppy or weighed down as it grows taller. This can be toxic to animals so avoid placing it where pets can reach it.

General Care For Senecio Haworthii “Cocoon Plant”

Container – You can plant this directly on the ground or in any container with drainage holes. It’s best to pot it in a small to medium-sized container so that you can easily take it indoors when needed.

Soil– This can only thrive on well-draining soil. Potting mixes with sand or perlites would work well with this.

Senecio Radicans “String Of Bananas”

• Other names: Curio Radicans, Banana Vine, Necklace Plant, String of Fishbooks, Fishbook Senecio, Creeping Berry
• Family: Asteraceae Subfamily: Asteroideae Genus: Curio
• Native: South Africa, Lesotho, Namibia

Classified as Curio Radicans is famously known as the string of bananas plant. It is a fast-growing trailing succulent type with the shape of little bananas. This plant can trail up to three feet. Its tiny banana leaves can grow up to 1.2 inches long. The fish hook leaves of this plant also have semi-translucent on the sides.

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Quick Facts

• Light: It’s fine to fully or partially expose it to the sun for 6-12 hours.
• Temperature: This succulent cannot survive in a very cold environment. In fact, it prefers a warm environment that’s about 55˚F. To avoid frosting when the weather is cold, it’s best to put this plant indoors.
• Water: This should only be watered when its soil is completely dry.
• Problems/Issues: When this plant gets tall, it gets floppy. It is also prone to pests like scales and mealy bugs.

General Care For Senecio Radicans “String Of Bananas”

Container – It should be planted on a regular or hanging indoor container.

Soil – A well-draining soil is what will make this plant thrive. A standard gritty mix can be used, and when it comes to fertilizing, it should only be done annually to avoid legging.

Senecio Rowleyanus “String Of Pearls”

• Other known names: String of Peas, Rosary, String of Beads
• Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Senecio
• Native: Southwest Africa

A string of pearls is a vine plant with green leaves in the shape and size of a pea. The leaves have a darker green area on them that is known as a window, where, during the spring, tiny white flowers bloom.

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Quick Facts

• Light: String of pearls like indirect, light, with the occasional direct light.
• Temperature: String of pearls like 72°F, it does not like temperatures over 100°F and will die if the temperature drops below 45°F. However, during the winter months, when the string of pearls is in hibernation, it prefers temperatures between 50-55°F.
• Water: Like other succulents, if the String of Pearls is overwatered it will die, and should only be watered when the soil becomes extremely dry. When you water it, give it a good soaking but don’t allow it to sit in water. During the winter months, water the String of Pearls more infrequently.
• Problems/Issues: Like the other succulents, diseases that could occur are root rot, soft rot, and leaf rot. Another important note is that String of Pearls’ leaves is toxic, so keep it out of the reach of small children and animals.

General Care For Senecio Rowleyanus “String Of Pearls “

Container – Use a pot with at least one hole in the bottom for drainage. A string of pearls can also be grown in hanging pots.

Soil – You can use either cactus or succulent potting soil.  

You can give the string of pearls liquid fertilizer once in the spring and once in the summer.

Senecio Serpens “Blue Chalksticks”

• Other name: Senecio Serpens G.D.Rowley
• Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Genus: Sempervivum
• Native: South Africa (Cape Province)

This is a perennial and evergreen type of succulent with finger-like and fleshy leaves that are blue-grayish in color. It can grow up to eight inches tall and 3.3 feet wide with small white flowers.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 9B to 11B
• Light: It needs at least 6 hours of light exposure.
• Temperature: It can become stagnant when the weather is a bit cold. It grows actively during warmer months. It thrives well when the temperature is 20˚F to 55˚F.
• Water: Do not leave this on wet soil for too long. It is drought-tolerant so it’s better to leave this underwatered.
• Problems/Issues: When ingested, this can be toxic to both humans and animals. Since it could grow tall, it could get leggy.

General Care For Senecio Serpens “Blue Chalksticks”

Container – This is a good container plant so it could thrive on any container. Just make sure that the container will allow good drainage.

Soil – You can plant this on sandy soil. You should only fertilize this once a year. Make sure that you only put a little bit of fertilizer when you do.

Senecio Peregrinus ‘String of Dolphins’

The string of dolphins plant (Senecio Peregrinus) is a result of crossbreeding a String of Pearls succulent (Senecio Roweleyanus) and the Candle plant (Senecio Articulates). This succulent is unique because the foliage is in the shape of little dolphins.

Yucca Filamentosa “Adam’s Needle”

• Common names: Common Yucca, Spanish Bayonet, Bear-grass, Needle-palm, Silk Grass
• Order: Asparagales Family: Asparagaceae Subfamily: Agavoideae Genus: Yucca
• Native: Southern United States, Caribbean

Adam’s needle has a tight, dark green rosette of leaves, which give off a peculiar blue cast. The leaves also are lanky and end with a point. During the summer, the snow-white, bell-shaped, aromatic flowers bloom.

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Quick Facts

• USDA Zone: 5a-10b
• Light: It prefers full light, with some shade.
• Temperature: Adam’s needle is frost-hardy and can survive in temperatures as low as -20°F, but prefers warmer temperatures.
• Water: You should give it a good soaking, then allow it to dry out between waterings.
• Problems/Issues: Adam’s needle can suffer from root rot. It can get dusty, so you should dust it, but make sure you use gloves because of the points on the leaves. Adam’s needle can attract scale or mealybugs.

General Care For Yucca Filamentosa “Adam’s Needle”

Container – Adam’s needles need containers that have excellent drainage.

Soil – You should plant them in succulent soil. If you want to fertilize, you should use a standard fertilizer that has been diluted to half-strength, and you should fertilize them once in spring and once in summer.